The Distributional Effects of International Fragmentation
نویسنده
چکیده
Economic globalization causes an increasing international fragmentation (disintegration) of value-added-chains, whereby firms outsource components of production to foreign markets. There is a high level of concern about unwelcome distributional effects. This paper provides a theoretical treatment of this issue within a general Heckscher-Ohlin framework, allowing for an arbitrary number of goods, factors, and fragments. It shows how a fragmented production equilibrium is disturbed by lower costs of fragmentation, and it introduces the concept of effective prices of fragments to derive general results that characterize the distributional consequences of an increase in international fragmentation occurring simultaneously in several industries. JEL Code: D33, F11, F15, F23 Address: Altenberger Strasse 69, A-4040 LINZ-AUHOF Phone: 0043-732-2468-8239, FAX: — 8238, E-mail: [email protected] Web: http://www.economics.uni-linz.ac.at/members/kohler (#): This work has been conducted under a research grant by the Austrian Science Fund: "Public Finance, Unemployment and Growth", grant no. P14702. It builds on my EPRU Woking Paper 2001-03 entitled “International Fragmentation of Value-added-Chains: How Does it Affect Domestic Factor Prices”. I am grateful to Michael Pflüger for helpful comments on the earlier version.
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